The Prime Factors HCF’s LCM’s and Roots Wall Chart is a comprehensive mathematics learning resource designed to help learners understand prime numbers, composite numbers, prime factorisation, highest common factors (HCFs), lowest common multiples (LCMs) and square roots. Aligned with the CAPS Intermediate Phase Mathematics curriculum, this educational wall chart presents these important number concepts using clear explanations, worked examples and step by step methods that make learning easier. This colourful poster is ideal for classrooms, mathematics laboratories, tutoring centres and home learning, providing learners with a quick visual reference that reinforces essential number skills.

The chart begins by introducing the concepts of factors, prime numbers and composite numbers. Learners are shown how factors divide numbers exactly, while prime numbers have only two factors, and composite numbers have more than two. Lists of the first prime and composite numbers help learners recognise number patterns and build a strong foundation before progressing to more advanced calculations.

A dedicated Prime Factorisation section demonstrates how to break numbers into their prime factors using a factor ladder. Clear worked examples explain each step of the process, showing how repeated division produces the prime factorisation of a number using index notation. Another section focuses on Highest Common Factors (HCFs) and Lowest Common Multiples (LCMs), illustrating how prime factors can be used to calculate both values through practical examples using multiple numbers.

The wall chart also explains the Roots of Numbers, demonstrating how prime factorisation can be applied to calculate square roots through organised factor ladders and simplified calculations. By combining definitions, worked examples and mathematical reasoning on one easy to read poster, this resource helps learners strengthen problem solving skills, prepare for assessments and develop confidence in working with number theory and arithmetic concepts.